Facile Cholesterol Loading with a New Probe ezFlux Allows for Streamlined Cholesterol Efflux Assays

Targeted cholesterol efflux

www.landesbioscience.com Cell Cycle 3345 In the process of reverse cholesterol transport, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) transports excess cholesterol from peripheral cells back to the liver, where cholesterol is recycled or metabolized and excreted. On the cellular level, 2 membrane-associated ATP-binding cassette (ABC) cholesterol transporters, ABCA1 and ABCG1, play a major role in cholestero...

Intracellular Cholesterol Efflux

A 48-yr-old Caucasian female of central European origin (subject IM) with low plasma cholesterol and normal plasma triglyceride (TG) had extremely low apo A-I (6 mg/dl), A-II (5 mg/dl), and HDL cholesterol (2 mg/dl) levels. She had most of the clinical symptoms typically associated with Tangier disease, including early corneal opacities, yellow-streaked tonsils, hepatomegaly, and variable degre...

Accuracy in cholesterol assays.

A potent synthetic LXR agonist is more effective than cholesterol loading at inducing ABCA1 mRNA and stimulating cholesterol efflux.

The LXR nuclear receptors are intracellular sensors of cholesterol excess and are activated by various oxysterols. LXRs have been shown to regulate multiple genes of lipid metabolism, including ABCA1 (formerly known as ABC1). ABCA1 is a lipid pump that effluxes cholesterol and phospholipid out of cells. ABCA1 deficiency causes extremely low high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, demonstrating t...

Apolipoproteins, membrane cholesterol domains, and the regulation of cholesterol efflux.

Published data related to both cell membrane biology and apolipoprotein structure are reviewed and used to formulate a new model describing the mechanisms of cholesterol efflux from cell plasma membrane to high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. The central premise of this model is the existence of heterogenous domains of cholesterol within plasma membranes. We propose that cholesterol efflux...